For salinity levels exceed 4, the conversion of rice culture to rice shrimp rotational farming is an adaptation strategy to improve farmers income and livelihoods. Screening rice varieties for salinity tolerance 171 table 1. Evaluation of salt tolerance in rice genotypes by multiple. Drought tolerance and aerobic rice breeding at irri international rice research institute learning objectives what is the problem. Moreover, exogenous asa restored the salt tolerance of osvtc ri plants, indicating that the asa synthesis in rice roots is an important factor for the response of rice to salt stress. The variability in salinity tolerance among rice varieties at germination have been reported reddy and vaid, 1983.
Pdf salinity and salt tolerance improvements in thai rice. Salinity effects on seedling growth and yield components of rice linghe zeng and michael c. Improvement of salt tolerance in rice oryza sativa l. Gregorio and others published screening rice for salinity tolerance, vol 22, irri discussion paper series find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.
Background salinity is a major abiotic stress limiting yield in many parts of the world. Salinity effects on seedling growth and yield components. A rapid screening technique for salt tolerance in rice. School of biosciences the university of birmingham august, 20. Effects of salinity stress on growth, chlorophyll content and ion accumulation in two indica rice oriza sativa l. Modifying sodium transport to improve salinity tolerance of commercial rice cultivars oryza sativa l. Pdf evaluation of salinity tolerance in rice genotypes. Water culture studies were conducted to investigate the physiological mechanism exercised by this variety in. Rice oryza sativa is a staple food of 2 billion people in asia, africa and latin america khush, 2005. Salt tolerance is an important constrain for rice, which is generally categorized as a typical glycophyte. Overexpressing a nam, ataf, and cuc nac transcription factor enhances drought resistance and salt tolerance in rice honghong hu, mingqiu dai, jialing yao, benze xiao, xianghua li, qifa zhang, and lizhong xiong national key laboratory of crop genetic improvement, national center of plant gene research wuhan and college of life science and technology.
These mechanisms can also be further classified into ion exclusion, osmotic tolerance and tissue tolerance roy et al. Evaluation of salinity tolerance in rice genotypes article pdf available in international journal of plant production 43. However, the production and the cultivating areas are adversely affected from the threats of devastation caused by the rise of sea level. Please click on the icon to open this manual in pdf format. Progress in breeding for salinity tolerance and associated. The grain yields were collected in 1981 and 1982 in the village mit loza. Phenotypic and genotypic screening of rice genotypes at. Rice varieties mr211, ir20, br40 and mr232 showed greater salt tolerance during germination germinated at 12 ds m 1 salinity. Effect of salinity on growth of some modern rice cultivars. Pdf characterizing the saltol quantitative trait locus.
Molecular breeding to improve salt tolerance of rice. Rice, salinity tolerance, ssr markers, seedling stage introduction screening of germplasms at seedling stage is readily rice is the staple food of more than 50% of the it provides rapid screening difficult at vegetative and worlds population 1. An extensive literature survey indicated that there have been very few attempts to develop reproductive stagespecific salt tolerance in rice probably due to the lack of salt tolerant phenotypes. Large heterotic effects suggest the potential of hybrid rice for saltaffected lands. Breeding for salt tolerance in rice slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. As the number of data with salinity ece 7 dsm is small, the salt tolerance of rice cannot be exactly found, but it is at least. Shannon flood irrigation practices that are commonly used in california et al. Salt tolerant and sensitive rice varieties display. Characterizing the saltol quantitative trait locus for salinity tolerance in rice. Salinity and plant tolerance jan kotubyamacher, director, utah state university analytical labs rich koenig, extension soils specialist boyd kitchen, uintah county extension agent march 2000 agso03 introduction soil salinity is a measure of the total amount of soluble salt in soil. Genetic analysis of salinity tolerance in rice oryza.
Rice seedling tolerance of salinity and anoxic conditions. Future of water management for rice in mediterranean climate areas. Tolerant landraces that withstand submergence for 12 weeks were identified. By the year 2025, 21% increase in reproductive stage 4. Singh, plant breeder at the international rice research institute, discusses the latest progress in salinty tolerance research in rice. Highthroughput phenotyping produces multiple measurements over time, which require new methods of analyses that are flexible in their quantification of plant growth and transpiration, yet are. Rice plants generally tolerate salt by mainly two mechanisms, ion exclusion and osmotic tolerance munns and tester, 2008. Rice genotypes with sub1 qtl differ in submergence. Prediction of salt tolerance in rice oryza sativa based on shoot ion content under nonstressed conditions 2 produce a yield in saline conditions. Pdf screening rice for salinity tolerance, vol 22, irri. Susceptibility or tolerance of rice plants to high salinity is a coordinated action of multiple stress responsive genes. Tissue tolerance is lacking in tolerant lines including traditional cultivars like pokkali yeo and flowers, 1986 but was found in some improved cultivars like ir20. Salinity 50 mm nacl resulted in a modest 15% increase in atp production in anoxia.
Identification of a novel salt tolerance gene in wild. Salinity tolerance loci revealed in rice using high. Soil salinity is a major environmental constraint to crop production with negative impacts on growth rates, tillering and seed production. However, mr211, mr232 and ir20 performed better based on dry matter. We focus our subsequent analyses on the salt tolerance locus we have identified in w05, which exhibits a much higher salt tolerance as compared with that of c08. Pdf mechanism of salt tolerance in rice nazir hussain. Various mechanisms of salinity tolerance in rice have been identified yeo and flowers, 1986, akita and cabuslay, 1990. A 4x10 factorial experiment in splitplot design was used with three replications. Breeding for salinity tolerance in rice 1985 akbar, m. Engineering salinity tolerance in rice by exogenous expression of cell death regulators v list of publications and conferences thi my linh hoang, brett williams, harjeet khanna, james dale and sagadevan g. Irri has already using marker assisted selection for saltol qtl, responsible for seedling stage salinity tolerance in rice, to facilitate the breeding for salt tolerant cultivars.
Rice oryza sativa can germinate and emerge from anoxic, flooded soils. The local landraces adapted to extremes in water availability could. Aris hairmansis a thesis submitted for the degree of doctor of philosophy school of agriculture, food and wine faculty of sciences the university of adelaide february 2014. Rice plants were grown in waterlogged conditions, to represent this aspect of irrigated rice fields that should be included in salinity tolerance studies, as the effects of hypoxia on salinity. Effect of salinity on chlorophyll concentration, leaf area, yield and yield components of rice genotypes grown under saline environment y. Salt tolerance is often described as a complex trait, both genetically and physiologically 5.
Mohammad rashed hossain a thesis submitted to the university of birmingham for the degree of doctor of philosophy. Anamul hoque1, 1department of soil science, bangladesh agricultural university, mymensingh2202, bangladesh. New phenotyping technique for salinity tolerance at. Using markerassisted backcrossing mabc to develop a new salt tolerance rice cultivar is one of the feasible methods to cope with these devastating changes. Variety maturity potential remarks period yield months tha bg 750. Calciumalleviated salt tolerance in indica rice oryza. Engineering salinity tolerance in rice by manipulation of exogenous expression of cell death regulators. Being a coastal state along the gulf of mexico, salinity has become a major issue for rice growers in louisiana. Rice is a stable food in vietnam and plays a key role in the economy of the country. Overexpressing a nam, ataf, and cuc nac transcription.
Physiological basis of salt stress tolerance in rice expressing. Worldwide rice is grown on some 400 million hectares of salt affected land. Several studies were conducted to identify quantitative trait loci qtls for traits associated to salinity tolerance. Effect of salinity on chlorophyll concentration, leaf area. Protocols for pre field screening of mutants for salt. New phenotyping technique for salinity tolerance at reproductive stage in rice. Rice is an attractive model organism to study salt tolerance due to its small genome size, a welldeveloped transformation system, availability of numerous genomic resources including high density linkage map, and whole genome sequence. Strategies for rice salinity tolerance in mediterranean france. Shaheen basmati was evolved as a salt tolerant fine rice variety by the soil salinity research institute, pindi bhattian, pakistan. Genetic analysis of salinity tolerance in rice oryza sativa l.
Strategies for rice salinity tolerance in mediterranean france puard m. Rice nurseries are prepared in may and transplantation occurs in june. Soil salinity is one of the major constraints affecting rice production worldwide, especially in the coastal areas. The dry matter production and the concentration of nutrients in rice oryza sativa l. Screening rice varieties for salinity tolerance issuu. The lack of an effective evaluation method for salt tolerance in the screening process is one of the reasons for limited success in conventional salt tolerance breeding. Pdf advances in understanding salt tolerance in rice. Salinity results in poor stand due to decrease in the rate of seed germination. Molecular dissection of seedling salinity tolerance. The current study was aimed to investigate the mechanisms of salt acclimation in rice and reveal which stress cues are important for acclimationinduced salinity tolerance by using lower. Tahir nuclear institute for agriculture and biology, faisalabad, pakistan abstract. Four simple sequence repeats ssr markers rm493, rm10793, rm3412 and rm10791 found in the saltol locus in chromosome 1 were used for molecular analysis.
Development of salinity tolerance in rice by constitutive. Submergence tolerance is an important trait where short term flash flooding damages rice. Stress and disease tolerance irri rice knowledge bank. Genetic dissection of salt tolerance in rice louisiana. However, due to large confidence interval for the position of qtls, utility of reported qtls and the associated markers has been limited in rice breeding programs. Due to the heterogeneity in floodprone ecosystem many different types of traditional rice cultivars are being grown by the farmers. Detailed description of rice varieties selected for the study.
Effect of salt stress on germination and early seedling. It has been reported that salinity impairs the metabolism in. Shannon abstract reduction were observed scardaci et al. Effects of salinity stress on growth, chlorophyll content. Salinity, however, compromises seedling establishment. Development of salinity tolerance in rice by constitutiveoverexpression of genes involved in the regulation of programmed cell death.
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